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Authentification of the Abutilon species used medicinally in Vietnam

The genus Abutilon Mill. (Malvaceae) has 2 species in Vietnam, i.e., Abutilon crispum (L.) Sweet and A. indicum (L.) Sweet with different morphological features. Of them, Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet has been used medicinally. It differs from Abutilon crispum in the morphology of the stem and the number of the carpels (15-20 vs. 8-15.

Influence of processing on chemical composition and biological activities of radix ophiopogi

Chemical composition and biological activities of intact and core less Ophiopogon roots, in the forms of fresh, direct roasted or sand-roasted samples, has been evaluated. The study results showed that these samples contained saponosides, flavonoids, amino acids, carotenoids, fats, sugars and demonstrated 68.6-79.6% inhibition of cough induced by ammoniac in mice. No effect was recorded in the clearing of phlegm induced by phenol sulfon phtalein (PSP). Elimination of the core did not affect the contents of these chemicals as well as cough-reducing property of the samples significantly, suggesting that there is no need to core the roots when processing. No difference in chemical and biological activities was observed between direct and sand-roasted samples, indicating that the former is more convenient for use.

Isolation and identification of asiaticoside from Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.

A substance isolated from the herb of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. was identified to be asiaticoside on the basis of m.p, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT, HMQC, HMBC and COSY analyses.

Preliminary results of chemical studies on Musa balbisiana Colla. fruits

Stigmasterol and 3-oxo-29-norcycloartane (cyclomusalenone) have been isolated from the dichloromethane extract of the fruit of Musa balbisiana Colla. collected in Vietnam. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods including 2D-NMR technique.

Studies on chemical composition of Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis

Flowers of Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli were qualitatively determined to contain flavonoids, amino acids, organic acids and sugars, flavonoids being the main component accounting for 7.19±0.10%. From the total flavonoid extract, two compounds were isolated by column chromatography and identified as quercetin-3-alpha-rhamnopyranosyl-beta-glucopyranose and quercetin on basis of UV, MS and NMR spectroscopic data.

Studies on saponin composition of Schefflera sp3

The saponin composition of the leaf, stem and root of Schefflera sp3 was quantitatively determined by NAMBA's weight method. The result revealed that the total saponin content was 3.66% in the leaf, 0.93% in the stem and 0.77% in the root, on absolutely dry basis. Two sapogenins were isolated from the hydrolysed product of total saponins from the leaf by different columns. Their structures were identified as oleanolic acid and hederagenin on the basic of m.p., IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT, HMQC and HMBC analysis.

Synthesis and cytotoxicity of 2,5-dihydroxychalcones

A series of 2,5-dihydroxychalcones were synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines and human umbilical venous endothelial cells. It was found that chalcones with electronwithdrawing substituents on an Aring exhibited significant cytotoxicities. Among the synthesized compounds, 2'-chloro-2,5-dihydroxychalcone (9) is the most potent with IC50 value as low as 0.00031 mg/mL.