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Investment performance of businesses through investigations in 2000-2003 period

Along with the national industrialization and modernization, the investment from The business sector for the whole society has increased rapidly. The investment worth VND 7.581.4 billions in 1990 grew as many as 30 times more than that in 2003 to VND 219.675 billions. Despite the increased investment capital, the efficiency of its use appeared to be inefficient. The ICOR which was 3.48 during the 1970-1996 period rose to 5.23 in the 1970-2003 period. Therefore, improving the efficiency of investment in the economy becomes urgent. Based on statistics released by businesses from 2000 to 2003, the author focusedly assesses the efficiency of investment made by all forms of businesses in Vietnam's multi-sector economy. It focuses on analyzing the economic and financial efficiency of state-owned enterprises SOEs, non state-owned businesses and foreign invested sector through a number of indicators, namely, the revenues on equity, net revenues on labor and so on. The article is mainly focused on: 1. Investment capital structure among enterprise sectors. 2. The efficiency investment usage. - Revenues on equity. - Profits on equity. - Revenues on labor. By analyzing the efficiency of investment made by all forms of businesses, the author makes some comments that the state-owned sector enjoys a bigger share of capital but produces lower revenues on equity showing less efficiency in their performance. Hence, to increase the efficiency in investment capital usage of the economy, it is mostly important to adjust the investment capital structure among economic sectors.

Relations between FDI and international trade in the developing countries, including Vietnam

Both practice and theory affirm the cause and effect relations between FDI and international trade. The article summarizes the relations between FDI and trade practice in some developing countries and evaluates the relations through practical experiences in Vietnam. The article focuses on the major issues: I. MACDOUGALL-KEMP theoretical model and some other theories of the impacts of FDI on international trade. II. The practical impacts of FDI on international trade. III. The impacts of FDI on foreign trade of Vietnam 1. The direct impacts: FDI is poured into manufacturing sector to directly support the export and consumption of the economy.... 2. The indirect impacts: FDI has widespread effects on improving competitiveness of enterprises in the economy. 3. The specific impacts: The export turnover in FDI sectors increases rapidly, so that foreign markets will be expanded and the positions of Vietnamese enterprises and Vietnamese economy as a whole raised in the global market. By analyzing the relationship between FDI and trade in Vietnam, the author assumes that foreign investment activities has fueled domestic manufacturing capacity, di iersified products and expanded import-export markets, which contributes to increasing export turnover, boosting foreign trade and improving the current account and the international balance trade of Vietnam.

Vietnam's policy toward the exports of agricultural products

Agricultural production in Vietnam in the renovation period has made significant achievements, thanks to an appropriate policy toward the export of agricultural products. However, at the present for various reasons the agriculture production and the agriculture export of Vietnam are facing many obstacles and problems. The author gives a general assessment for achievements and shortcomings of the agriculture export policy since 1989, and then makes some recommendations to improve the efficiency of the policy in order to conform to the current international integration. The article is designed to focus on the following main issues: 1. Achievements in agriculture production since 1989. 2. Some shortcomings in the policy toward the export of agriculture products, namely, the lack of a long-term strategy for the export of agriculture products; no clear production and export direction aiming at the quality, the quantity and the efficiency of agriculture production, the lack of harmony among macro-policies, the unavailability of consistent and transparent policies and a master plan on agriculture production for export. 3. Recommendations: The Government has to build a strategy for agriculture exports between now and 2020 and strategy for boosting agriculture product for export for the period from now to 2020 and a 2010 vision; besides the government should apply experiences of foreign countries in improving and ensuring the quality of agriculture products for exports.