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Adjustment project of land use planning in Nam Dong district, Thua Thien-Hue province in the period of 2003-2010 influenced by foreign investment projects

Nam Dong district comprises 1 town and 10 communes. It located along the western to southern part of Thua Thien-Hue province. Project of land use planning in Nam Dong district, Thua Thien Hue province was established in 2001. There are some foreign-invested projects, which were under operating. The project of land use planning was not consistent with current land use. It needs to change the project of land use planning in Nam Dong district, Thua Thien-Hue province in the period of 2003-2010. Based on area of foreign-invested projects and current land use the land use planning of the district has been re-adjusted. It facilitated land management in Nam Dong district, Thua Thien-Hue province.

An application of GIS to manage land information in coastal areas of Giao Thuy district, Nam Dinh province

The paper presented results of applying Geographical Information System to develop database for management of land in the coastal area of Giao Thuy district, Nam Dinh province. The primary source of data was obtained from thematic paper maps and other attribute data was collected whenever necessary. By using MapInfo software the authors made classification of map layers to get spatial database. The complete database includes different digital thematic maps, which were combined with attribute data. As a result of the present study, the authors recommend a model of land information management for this coastal area based on some main information groups such as natural resources, biological resources, and human resources. The use and management of coastal land database may be useful in many fields of land use planning and environmental impact assessment.

Assessment and adjustment of Quang Binh land use planning toward 2010

The implementation results of land use-planning master for the period of 2001-2005 showed that the agricultural land increased to 104.14% by a surplus of 26,248.3 ha, while the nonagricultural land decreased to 88.65% by a reduction of 6,078.2 ha comparing to what had been expected according to the planning master. However, comparing to those of the year 2000 the agricultural land increased 101,900.8 ha and the nonagricultural land increased 8,098.5 ha. Regarding to the land budget of the province under the land use planning master toward the year of 2010, out of the total physical area 629,098.5 ha (85.92%) of land would be exploited for agricultural purposes, 52,812.9 ha (6.56%) would be for nonagricultural land and 60,626.3 ha (7.53%) left would not be occupied yet. Hence, an area of 36,595.9 ha of un-exploited land inhabited from the previous period would shift to other types of land use. Out of that amount 34,475 ha is for agricultural land of which 2,102.7 ha used for agricultural crops, 31,833.5 ha for forest plantation and the rest for aquaculture, 262.6 ha for settlement area, 1,755.2 ha for specific purpose land, 96.7 ha for cemetery, 5.5 ha for water surface and the rest for other purposes.

Effect of economized irrigation water and pressed granule fertilizer on rice yield and soil environment

Water saving technique for rice is not only important to cope with water scarce but also increase rice yield to meet food security whereas cultivated rice area and population growth. Water saving technique creates a good condition for growth and development of rice root system, which made an increase in active leaf area and yield components. In saturation condition (means that no water layer in a rice field) no difference in chemical substances such as Fe2, Fe3+, NO3-, NH4+, available phosphorous, potassium and Eh in comparison with flooding. Water saving technique increased effect of compost applied for rice. Rice productivity is also increased from 54 to 71% in year 2004 thanks to combination between water saving technique with fertilizer deep placement (FDP). FDP application of 60N and 30N in organic form under water saving condition gave the highest income (13.72 VND millions) and 1 VND investment for fertilizer got 2.21 VND (price in 2005).

Effect of fertilizer on yield and quality of Guinease grass at Ba Vi-Ha Tay

A study was carried out on acidic and nutrient deficiency slopped soil at Ba Vi-Ha Tay. This study was replicated 3 times with 12 treatments. The results showed that: the grass yield was lower in case of applying only 20 tons of farmyard manure ha/year. Nitrogenous fertilizer had the best effect on grass yield resulting an increase from 22,192 to 37,953 kg/ha/year comparing to phosphorous and potassium fertilization only. Using the organic manure with chemical fertilizer increased grass yield from 6,600 to 44,533 kg/ha/year. Efficiency of fertilizer for Guinease grass was 116.5-147.9 kg/kg N; 41.2-73.7 kg/kg P2O5; 43.4-51.7 kg/kg K2O. It was found the optimum quantity of fertilizer for Guinease grass: 20 tons of farmyard manure with 250N, 90P2O5, 120K2O/ha/year, had given the best grass yield of 93,005 kg/ha/year.

Effect of liquid sodium silicate (liquid glass) on growth, development, yield of rice of variety Khang Dan 18 (R18) grown on eutric fluvisols in North Vietnam

The results showed that the application of liquid sodium silicate as fertilizer had effected to decrease growth in height, and angle between leaf and stem of R18 variety, but increased the ability of tilling, ratio of effective branch, index of leaf area, volume of dry matter and number of rice flowers/unit of land, number of filled seeds/rice flowers, ratio filled seed and weigh of 1,000 seeds. Therefore, it had effected to increase potential and net yield in comparison with uncontrolled experiment. It had increased 7.3 – 22.8% of yield of rice in comparison with uncontrolled experiment. Based on the cost- benefit, the optimal formula is to apply liquid sodium silicate with the dosage of 75 kg/ha.

Effect of phosphorous fertilizer on growth, development and yield of two peanut varieties L14 and L18 in autumn-winter crop on alluvial soil of the Red River

The experiment has been conducted in the Research Center of Legumes, National Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences from July to December 2004. The experiment was designed in split plot with three replications. Main-plots were peanuts varieties; sub-plots were phosphorous fertilizer treatments. Five phosphorous levels were: 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg P2O5/ha. Basal fertilizers for one ha included 8 tons of organic fertilizer + 500 kg of lime + 30 kg of N + 60 kg of K2O. The experiment was conducted on alluvial soil of the Red river. The results of experiment pointed out that, maximum yields were obtained in treatment of 60 kg P2O5/ha in L14 and 30 kg P2O5/ha in L18. The difference of yields between the two experimental varieties was not significant.

Effect of water regimes on nutrient changes in paddy soil in the Red River Delta

Based on the research results on effect of water regimes on nutrient changes in paddy soil in the Red River Delta, the authors draw some conclusions for rice production such as: traditional irrigation and saving irrigation water for rice hardly create a difference in nutrient status of soil; saving irrigation water in vegetative stage of rice saves water while ensures enough water and nutrient requirements for rice and productivity like traditional irrigation.

Effects of some keeping soil moisture measures on growth of tea variety PH1 planted on ferralic acrisols in Ba Vi, Ha Tay province

The research results pointed out that keeping moisture measures increased obviously density of tea buds. Covering by straw and using absorbent material and covering by plastic obtained the highest bud density. The study also indicated that keeping moisture measures increased number of bud litters picked at final growth stage in the year compared with the controlled one. Treatment of covering by straw obtained the highest total bud yield; the controlled one without keeping soil moisture gave the lowest yield. Total bud yields of keeping soil moisture treatments were significantly higher from 105.5 to 115.3% than the controlled, with probability 95%. Keeping soil moisture measures affected obviously soil moisture. Soil moisture in these treatments was always higher than controlled one at every sampling stages. Covering by plastic and using absorbent ARONZAP RS-2 kept soil moisture so well at serious drought stages due to keeping moisture from evaporation and absorbent capacity from atmosphere. However, when it rains, covering by plastic prevented water rain from penetrating into the soil, resulting in decreasing soil moisture.

Evaluation of existing land use and orientation of agricultural land use in Dong Hung district, Thai Binh province

Dong Hung is an agricultural district of Thai Binh province. The high density of population, and scarcity of agricultural land limited living standard of farmers in Dong Hung. The evaluation of existing land use and orientation of agricultural land use in this district are very important. Based on results of the evaluation of existing land use, the orientation of agricultural land use up to 2010 years was proposed. The income of farmers will be increased due to expand of cash crops, development of crop diversity and intensification. The ratio of agricultural land use will increase from 2.06 at present to 2.54 up to 2010 years.

Evaluation of the economic efficiency of cultivated land use in plain communes of Thach That district, Ha Tay province

Influence of waste materials of Bai Bang Paper Mill on the growth and yield of rice

Bai Bang Paper Mill was established in 1980 with technology of Sweden. The treated wastes from this Mill go to the Red River through ditch system. However, waterwaste still goes straight to fields of Phu Nham and Tien Du communes without treatment. It contains not only organic compound, but also some toxic organic compound in liquid type with Cl, NA, Hg, Cd, Pb. Accumulation of toxic organic compound in the soil has decreased components of rice yields and reduced the rice yield from 9.1 % to 37.2%.

Inspection the land management and land use in Nghi Xuan district, Ha Tinh province

Inspection the land management and land use in Nghi Xuan district, Ha Tinh province from1993 to 2005 showed that many cases of violation Land law, of which 840 households with 233,870 m2 of land left unused for 12 months, 260 households use land with wrong purpose with the area of 46,700 m2, 229 cases of land usurpation with the area of 42,290 m2 in 10 communes and towns, and 469 cases of land transference with the area of 98,800 m2 in 16 communes and towns. Local authorities have solved 458/470 cases of land reclamation, accusation and contention, or 97.4%.

Land quality in Hanoi Agricultural University

Hanoi Agricultural University's land is used for training, scientific research, experiments, practice, and agricultural technology transfers. The result of soil classification following FAO-UNESCO stated that the whole research area (of 73.46 ha) belongs to major soil group: Fluvisols with 6 sub- soil units: Silti Eutric Fluvisols (FLe-s); Abrupti Eutric Fluvisols (FLe-ab); Silti Cambic Fluvisols (FLb-s); Silti Gleyic Fluvisols (FLg-s); Areni Gleyic Fluvisols (FLg-a). After comparing with 10 criteria: soil depth, texture, pH, organic matter, P2O5, K2O, base saturation (BS), cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchanged cations, micro-elements, the soil quality of the research area is medium. Therefore, in order to have good conditions for cultivation, it needs to add various fertilizers, especially to combine inorganic and organic fertilizers. Due to soil's low and medium CEC, it is noted that fertilizer should be applied with small amount to increase fertilizer's effect.

Nutrient dynamics in composite swiddening farming with shortened fallow

This study examined the nutrient dynamics of the swidden component of the composite swiddening system practiced by the Tay ethnic minority in Tat hamlet, Hoa Binh province in Northern Vietnam. Soil analyses during the cropping period showed a sharp decline of total organic carbon during the first two years of upland rice cropping, then a stabilizing trend in the subsequent two years of cassava cropping. During the fallow period, soil analyses indicated a continuous building up of C and N to a comparable level at the beginning of the cropping year but a decline of both total P and K resulting in much lower values than those at the beginning of the cropping year. These results indicated a decline in soil fertility during the cropping period and a partial restoration of soil fertility during the fallow period. However, 5 years of bush-tall grass fallow was not sufficient to restore the original level of soil fertility. Thus, swidden fields in Tat hamlet are degrading, posing a serious threat to land-use sustainability.

Planning of safe vegetable production in Ha Tay province in the period of 2006-2020

Ha Tay province comprises 2 town and 12 districts, located along the Western to Southern part of Hanoi city. Planning of safe vegetable production plays the important part in the socio-economic development of Ha Tay province. It is urgently needed to establish and intensify safe vegetable production areas and schemes of the province. Development vegetable production in Ha Tay province has became necessary, because it has market and suitable soil potentiality. Based on natural resources, soil quality and development objective, the planning of safe vegetable production was made in the 2 town and 12 districts of Ha Tay province.

Research on calcium absorption capacity of acrisols

Acrisols is the soil group that was formed from strong leaching process, therefore it is acid and poor in exchangeable Ca and Mg. Lime application is one of effective methods to reclaim this soil group. However, it is necessary to learn more about the nature of soil Ca absorption to improve the performance of lime application. The reaction speed of Ca absorption is very high, from 10 to 120 minutes, while 80-90% of Ca amount was absorbed in first 3-10 minutes. The Ca absorbed rate ranged from 10.42 to 43.6% and reach the highest at the Ca2+ concentration of 0.04 mg/ml (or 0.16 mg Ca/g soil).

Research on selection of microorganism combinations with high decomposing ability of cellulose to treat fibrous matter

The research on: “Selection of microorganism combinations with high decomposing ability of cellulose to treat fibrous matter" was carried out in order to contribute to the treatment of organic waste by biological methods. From samples including herbivore feces, plant remnant and dust-heap, the authors isolated and selected 30 microorganism species (consist of 15 bacteria, 8 actinomyces and 9 fungi). Based on evaluation of biological activities, 9 species were chosen for making the microbiological combinations to produce microbiological products and test treatment of waste (straw and rice husk). Consequently, the authors selected 2 microbiological combinations with high decomposing ability of cellulose as 3 combination (mixture of 3 fungi species) and 4 combination (mixture of 3 bacteria, 3 actinomyces and 3 fungi species), that given preeminent effect in test experiment that could use to treat fibrous matter in practice.

Some factors affect price of urban residential land in Bac Ninh city, Bac Ninh province

The paper aims at identifying some factor affect price of urban residential land in Bac Ninh city, Bac Ninh province from 2002 to 2005. Price of urban residential land as agreed upon between the land user and relevant parties when exercising the land use rights to transfer with land use rights was increased from 2002 to 2003, but it was decreasing up to now. The difference between actual market price of land use right transfers to land prices stipulated by the People's Committee of province. It was from 2.5 to 32.5 times in 2002, 2003 and 2004, but in 2005 it was from 0.4 to 2.1 times. Location plays a part to decide the price of land parcel, but it does not play a part to decide fluctuation of land price. The market price of land was increased when infrastructure was improving.

Status and effect of agricultural land use after land consolidation for industrialization and modernization in agriculture and rural area in Hai Duong province

This study clarifies scientific value of land consolidation and its effect on the rural socio-economic development in Hai Duong province. It can be seen in both positive and negative effects. Positive: land consolidation increased effects of land use due to saving investment and advanced technique and mechanization application in agricultural production. It facilitates the quality and diversifies of agricultural production, reasonable land use; it establishes land use planning and initial infrastructure for industrialization and modernization in agriculture and rural area. Negative: it motivates land use market in rural area, creates different groups of interest. If there is no good policy, it is often disadvantage for the poor; contributes to land speculation and makes the gap between the poor and the rich become wider. Study results will provide sound information for local government in making good policies for land consolidation as well as socio-economic development.

Study on the phosphorus chemical characteristics of eutric fluvisols inside dike of the Red River in Hanoi

Eutric fluvisols inside dike of the Red River in Hanoi had high potential of total phosphorus. The total content of P2O5 at surface horizons was from 0.10 to 0.23% and decreased by depth. The total phosphorus reserve ranged from 2.16 to 5.68 ton P2O5/ha. The content of total phosphorus was mainly inorganic phosphorus. It occupied from 81.20 to 96.47% of the total phosphorus. The forms of insoluble and iron phosphate have highest rate in the inorganic phosphorus. They were from 35.50 to 46.29% and occupied from 24.46 to 36.26% of total inorganic phosphorus amount. The content of available phosphorus was not so high. The average content of this phosphorus form was 2.3-7.3 mg/100 g soils at surface horizons. Phosphorus fixation capacity was high and depended on a phosphorus dose added to the soil. There was about 51.00 to 64.96% P2O5 fixed when added to soil of 4 ppm P. Fixed amount of P2O5 decreased from 24.89% to 39.69% when added phosphorus dose was 20 ppm P.

Studying on soil classification and mapping for Nam Dinh province by FAO-UNESCO’s quantitative method

The results of soil survey and soil classification in Nam Dinh showed that the main soil formation processes were the deposition of alluvial material, salinization, acidification, accumulation of Fe and Al, inundation and erosion. Typical diagnostic horizons were A Mollic, A Umbric, A Ochric, H Histic, B Cambic, B Argic and Sulfidic Materials. Diagnostic properties were Fluvic, Salic, Gleyic & Stagnic,Plinthite, Ferric and base saturation. There were 7 soil groups in Nam Dinh: Arenosols, Salic Fluvisols, Thionic Fluvisols (Gleysols), Fluvisols, Gleysols, Acrisols & Leptosols, of which Fluvisols accupies a largest area and suits the most for agricultural cultivation. Arenosols, Salic Fluvisols, Thionic Fluvisols, Gleysols and Leptosols are needed to restore.

The change of sediment and available potassium content in water of the Red River (Hanoi and Ha Tay province)

The research aims at identifying the change of sediment and available potassium content in water of the Red River. The highest content of sediment was observed in July that is 20 times higher than that of in January. The highest available potassium content was found in July that is 13 times higher that of in January. The main reasons of these differences are the big change of water flow debit between rainy and dry season and the strong erosion in rainy season in the up-stream.

The current status of agricultural land use in Van Yen district, Yen Bai province

Van Yen is a mountainous district of Yen Bai province. The total natural area of the district is 139,023ha, agricultural land is 122,209.2ha, of which forest land area accounting for 85.48%. The cropping system is diversified, especially Cinnamon tree. Cinnamon tree not only gets economic value but also protect soil quality on the slopping areas. Hence, it is necessary to evaluate the potential of soil in order to extend the area of Cinnamon tree.

The impact of agricultural and forestry land allocation policy on land use effectiveness of household in Thach Ha district, Ha Tinh province

The article presents the result of a study on the impact of agricultural and forestry land allocation policy on land use effectiveness of household in Thach Ha district, Ha Tinh province. 100% of households, who were interviewed, satisfied with the policy because of reasonable formality and suitable production situation. After handing over agro-forestry land, effect on household land use increased: average food per capita increased from 326 kg (1995) to 402 kg (2004); average income increased from 1.7 million VND per year (1995) to 3.75 million VND per year (2005); number of the land disputes deducted from 14 cases (1995) to 2 cases (2004); the forest coverage increased from 8.2% (1995) to 17.45% (2004).

The initial research results on the environmental factors in land use and land use planning

The initial research results on the reduction of water pollution by some aquatic plants

The results of the research on wastewater quality at residential area of Hanoi Agricultural University showed that pollution level of wastewater was heavily contaminated. The research showed that pistia (Pistia stratiotes L) and water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Maret) Solms) could reduce pollution level of wastewater. Concentration of 12 polluted matters in wastewater had reduced to reach Vietnamese Standard 5942-1995.

The initial research results on the wastewater treatment containing Pb2+ and Cd2+ from chemical labs

The method of water infiltration prevention through the canal system for saving water in rice fields

Every year, canal systems have conducted a large amount of water for irrigation. Irrigation water use too much for cropping is not suitable for the existing water resources, especially in dry farming season. Recently, the increase of population, strongly develop of new industries, keeping water for hydroelectricity activities had a great pressure on water resources. On the other hand, weather changes unusually caused heavy drought, flood, so saving irrigation water for agricultural production is critical issue. Infiltration of water prevention, through the canal, will contribute to save water for irrigation. Using other infiltration water prevention methods through the canal systems can reduce an amount of irrigation water from 14.3% to 31%, approximately 728 m3/ha/ crop season.

Types of land use and orientation in agricultural land use in Hiep Hoa district, Bac Giang province

Research in Hiep Hoa district shows that there are six land use types: three crops land, two rice crops land, one crop land, intensive cash crops land, rice-fish land and fruit trees land. Orientation in land use by terrain in Hiep Hoa district is recommended as follows: 1. For hill land: focus on developing fruit trees like litchi, longan, persimmon, and sugar apple. 2. For paddy land: recommend one type of four crops land use and focus on three crops land use (spring water melon- summer rice - potato, spring rice - summer rice - winter water melon, spring corn - summer soybean - winter vegetable, spring rice - summer rice - potato); two crops land use (spring rice - summer rice); intensive cash crop and short- term industrial crops (corn, soybean, peanut, tomato, etc.). 3. For low and flooded land: land use type focus on rice - fish.

Using microorganism produce to process crop residue in the field

A procedure of processing crop residue by using microorganism produce was established, with the processing time of 21-30 days. After processing, crop residue reached the standard quality of organic fertilizer. The processed crop residue has the quality equivalent to farmyard manure and other organic fertilizers. The processed crop residue generated high economic efficiency: in average, an amount of 28.2 tons of crop residue per hectare can produce 8.1 tons of organic fertilizer and bring about 718,000 VND of profit for farmer.

Using visual image interpretation and digital image processing to create land use map in Thanh Tri district, Hanoi city

Choosing visual interpretation method and digital image processing method depends on the object of interest, the ability of providing information from image and map scale. In addition, it also depends on the scale of the research area. Visual image interpretation is suitable for detailed study, plant studies and maps with large scale, but it takes more time than other method and requires high skill about remote sensing from interpreter. While digital image processing takes less time, interpretative time not depends on large area or small area. Besides, it needs more GTPs (Ground Truth Points) to make more accuracy for samples. Visual image interpretation requires image with higher resolution than digital image interpretation.

Water management in Vietnam’s Northern mountain region – a case study of Tat hamlet, Da Bac district, Hoa Binh province