Rice production is the major income in Vung Liem district Vinh Long province where the rice production pattern includes 3 farming systems (tripple rice; double rice + once upland crop; tripple rice + once fish). To investigate the economic aspect of the 3 above farming systems, an experiment was carried out on the 2 ecological areas of Vung Liem district in 3 cropping seasons Dong Xuan, He Thu and Thu Dong. The results showed that the farming system tripple rice + fish gave the highest profit and required more labor compared with tripple rice. The farming system double rice + once upland crop gave also high profit So, in the first ecological area the farming system double rice + once upland crop can be applied; in the second ecological area the farming systems tripple rice + once fish can be applied.